Our word is Saudi.. Ancient human civilizations settled in Saudi Arabia

It is well known that the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is the cradle of civilizations; They are not contingent or up-to-date in history; Rather, there are many ancient human nations, kingdoms and civilizations, which passed through this land; In addition to the kingdoms mentioned in the Holy Qur’an “Aad, Thamud, and the Kingdom of Midian,” there are some kingdoms and civilizations that were discovered through archaeological sites and excavations; So, through the following lines, we review some of them:

Kingdom of the Nabataeans

Although it was taken from Petra as its capital, its presence extended from Gaza in the north to Madain Saleh in the south, and this kingdom gained its importance as it is located in a strategic location represented in the trade route from the north and south; The Nabataeans controlled the trade routes at the time, and their convoys, consisting of hundreds of camels, carried incense, spices and perfumes from the shores of Oman and Yemen, passing through Mecca, Medina, and Al-Hijr “Mada’in Saleh” to Petra, then branching out to Damascus or through the Negev and Sinai.

The Nabateans worshiped the sun, and it was known as Dhul-Sharra; Which means “the enlightening god”, and there is a text in the inscriptions in Mada’in Saleh called “the separator of the night from the day”, indicating that, as it was noted the presence of a major temple for the god “Dhul-Shara” in many provinces of the Nabataean kingdom such as: Petra, Madain Saleh The researchers stated that the inscriptions and writings that were revealed referred to the names of some gods only and did not address customs and traditions. However, more information about the gods was identified by analyzing and reading the Nabataean inscriptions, and through archaeological excavations such as ruined excavations. Tannour in Wadi Al-Hasa in Tafileh.

Kingdom of Lihyan "Al-Dadan"

This kingdom was found in the oasis of Al-Ula from the sixth century to the third century BC, and it is an ancient Arab kingdom that embodied a cultural heritage whose influence extended to most parts of northwestern Arabia. Many researchers saw that the Dadanian or Lihyanite kingdom preceded the existence of the Nabataean civilization and the Roman existence, leaving the inhabitants This kingdom has many inscriptions and works of art that show their prowess in agriculture and trade.

According to the researchers, the Dadani reconstructed the Islamic fortress located in the Al-Ula region, and some excavations revealed the Dadani temple, through which researchers seek to obtain a correct chronology and knowledge of the layers of construction.

Kingdom of Kinda

Al Faw village

«220-633 AD», its capital was Qaryat al-Faw, and the influence of this kingdom reached the north of the Najd region, and perhaps it is one of the most important archaeological discoveries in the Arabian Peninsula; As it embodied a model for the Arab city in the pre-Islamic era, in terms of housing, roads, wells, tombs and commercial markets, it was also an important center and meeting place for caravans carrying minerals, grains and weaving. Excavations also revealed the presence of rare bronze sculptures referring to them, and a distinguished series of Fresco drawings And a huge building was carved from bronze metal.

Kingdom of Kedar

Researchers disagree about the existence of this kingdom; There are those who saw that it was found in the period "745 BC - 727 BC", and that it was found in the northern and northwestern part of the Arabian Peninsula, and also in the southeast of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. The third part of the researchers wondered about the extent of this kingdom, Or was it simply “Domat al-Jandal” only, based on the word adomato, which is the Assyrian name for Dumat al-Jandal.

The Jewish books mentioned that Kedar is the son of Ismail bin Ibrahim, peace be upon them, and from here this name was given to a group of Arab tribes that spread in the Levant, Iraq and the north of the Arabian Peninsula. In the context of this, some historians argued about the population of this kingdom; They see that they were allies with the Nabataeans and were included in the Nabataean kingdom.

The First and Second Kingdom of Himyar

The groove in the sycamore kingdom

«110 B.C. AD - 527 AD”, an Arab kingdom whose borders were from Awsan in the south to Najran in the north, Oman in the east to Asir in the west, and the Al-Ukhdood incident mentioned in the Holy Qur’an is one of its most famous landmarks.

Muqarra civilization

Among the most prominent recent discoveries that refer to the symbols of authentic Arab culture; Where the age of this civilization dates back to more than 9 thousand years. It was found in a middle area between Tathleeth and Wadi Al-Dawasir. Some symbols of equestrianism, the domestication of horses, the acquisition of dogs and other animals, and the adornment of Arab daggers were found. In addition to some drawings that indicated that the inhabitants of this civilization possessed techniques that were used in fishing and agriculture.